365bet娱乐

Acids, Strong Non-oxidizing mixed with
Nitrides, Phosphides, Carbides, and Silicides

Hazard Predictions

• Flammable: Reaction products may be flammable
• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Generates heat: Exothermic reaction at ambient temperatures (releases heat)
• Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive
• Toxic: Reaction products may be toxic

Inorganic acids react with AlP to form toxic and flammable phosphine gas (Wang, C.C. et al. 1963. Journal of Inorganic Nuclear Chemistry 25:327.).

HCl reacts with nitrides at high temperatures to form toxic and flammable ammonia gas (Hisham, M.W.M., T.V. Bommaraju. 2004. Hydrogen Chloride. In Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (Online)).

Calcium silicide reacts vigorously with acids, evolving toxic and flammable silanes. (Mellor, J.W. 1940. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 6, p. 177. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Silane reacts with HCl to produce flammable H2 gas (Durrant, P.J., B. Durrant, Introduction to Advanced Inorganic Chemistry.).

HCl causes Li6Si2 to incandesce and the reaction evolves flammable and toxic silane gases, which are ignited by reaction heat (Mellor, J.W. 1940. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 6, p. 170. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

HF reacts with sodium and potassium tetrafluorosilicate to produce toxic SiF4 gas (Lewis, R.J., Sr. 1992. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 8th Edition. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 1897.).

Tetraselenium tetranitride will explode on contact with HCl (Mellor, J.W. 1947. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 10, p. 789. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Cesium and rubidium acetylides ignite on contact with HCl (Mellor, J.W. 1946. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 5, p. 848. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Calcium carbide, barium acetylide, and strontium acetylide incandesce with HCl, posing a fire hazard (Mellor, J.W. 1946. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 5, p. 862. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Reactions of HCl and calcium or cesium carbides can be violent (Lewis, R.J., Sr. 1992. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 8th Edition. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 1893).

HCl reacts violently with Ca3P2 or U3P4 (Lewis, R.J., Sr. 1992. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 8th Edition. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 1893.).

AlN is attacked by hot mineral acids; transition metal nitrides are dissolved by hot acids, or rapidly attacked by HF (Ettmayer, P., W. Lengauer. 2002. Nitrides In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. (Online)).

Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni carbides are attacked by water and dilute acids; Tungsten carbide, TiC, and TaC are attacked by hot HF (Tulhoff, H. 2002. Oxides. In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. (Online)).

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Hydrogen (H2)
• Ammonia (NH3)
• Phosphine (PH3)
• Silanes