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Hazard Predictions

• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive
• Toxic: Reaction products may be toxic

Yellow phosphorus reacts violently with chlorosulfonic acid, with evolution of toxic HCl and SO2 gases (Heumann, K. et al. 1882. Berichte. 15:417).

Carbon reacts explosively with perchloric acid (Mellor, J.W. 1941. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 2, p. 380. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

HNO3 reacts violently with arsenic or carbon (Pascal, P. 1956. Nouveau Trait茅 de Chimie Min茅rale. Vol. 10, p. 504. Masson et Cie.).

HNO3 may react explosively with phosphorus (MCA Case History No. 1969, Case Histories of Accidents in the Chemical Industry, Washington, Manufacturing Chemists' Association).

Phosphorus halides ignite or explode on contact with HNO3 (Mellor, J.W. 1947. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 8, p. 827, 1004, 1038. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Chlorosulfonic acid can react explosively with phosphorus (Heumann, K. et al. 1882. Berichte. 15:417).

Oxidizing acids and inorganic reducing agents may yield toxic HX gases, including HF, HBr, and HI (Predicted by comparison to similar reactions).

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Hydrogen Halide (HX)
• Sulfur Oxides (SOx)
• Acid Fumes