Reactivity Documentation
Nitriles |
mixed with |
Halogenating Agents |
Summary
- Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
- Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive
- Polymerization hazard: Polymerization reaction may become intense and may cause pressurization
-
May produce the following gases:
- Acid Fumes
- Difluorodiazene
- Hydrogen Bromide
- Hydrogen Chloride
- Hydrogen Fluoride
- Hydrogen Iodide
- Hydrogen Halide
Details
Reactivity Predictions (for each pair of reactive groups)
Halogenating Agents
Hazard Predictions
- Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
- Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive
- Polymerization hazard: Polymerization reaction may become intense and may cause pressurization
NaClO can react explosively with phenylacetonitrile, possibly due to NCl3 formation (Urben, P.G. 1995. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 5th Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. Vol. 1. pp. 1284).
Halogens may initiate polymerization of acrylonitrile, even at reduced temperatures (MCA Case History No. 1214, Case Histories of Accidents in the Chemical Industry, Manufacturing Chemists' Association, Washington).
Acetonitrile forms the toxic, flammable, and potentially explosive difluorodiazene gas with tetrafluorourea (Fraser, G.W. et al. 1966. Chemical Communications 532).
Nitriles may react with the halogens to liberate toxic HX gases (Smith, P. A. S., Open-Chain Nitrogen Compounds, Vol. I. New York: W. A. Benjamin, Inc., 1965, pp. 218).
Potential Gas Byproducts
- Difluorodiazene
- Hydrogen Bromide (HBr)
- Hydrogen Chloride (HCl)
- Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
- Hydrogen Iodide (HI)
- Hydrogen Halide (HX)
- Acid Fumes