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Hazard Predictions

• Explosive: Reaction products may be explosive or sensitive to shock or friction
• Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive

Many nitro compounds are sensitized by bases (Makovky, A. et al. 1958. Chemical Reviews 58:631; Capellos, C. et al. 1982. Chemical Abstracts 96:88003; Lewis, R.J., Sr. 1992. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 8th Edition. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 2527, 2544, 3246.), or may react violently with strong bases (Bretherick, L. 1976. Chemistry and Industry 576; Lewis 2544, 2553.).

Nitrobenzene may explode spontaneously on contact with bases (Lewis, R.J., Sr. 1992. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 8th Edition. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 2518.), and other aryl nitro compounds may explode on contact with bases upon slight heating (Merz, V. et al. 1981. Berichte. 4:981-982.).

Halogenated nitro compounds are particularly reactive with bases. Mixtures of KOH and 4-chloronitrobenzene easily deflagrate (Urben, P.G. 1995. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 5th Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 706.); NaOH reacts violently with trichloronitromethane (Scholtz, S. 1963. Explosivestoffe 11:159,181.); and sodium methoxide and trichloronitromethane react violently and exothermically.