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Hazard Predictions

• Explosive: Reaction products may be explosive or sensitive to shock or friction
• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive
• Toxic: Reaction products may be toxic

Reactions of ethyl nitrate and H2SO4 or HNO3 can evolve toxic NO, NO2, and CO gases and inert CO2 gas; the reaction with H2SO4 is also significantly exothermic (Slavinskaya, R.A. 1957. Journal of General Chemistry (USSR) 27:844; Chemical Abstracts 52:2734a).

Nitro compounds undergo potentially violent reactions with HNO3 (Lewis, R.J., Sr. 1992. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 8th Edition. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 2544.), often forming highly explosive mixtures (Chemistry and Technology of Explosives, Urbanski, T., London, MacMillan, 1967, Vol. 3, pp. 290; Olah, G.A. et al. 1957. Organic Synthetics 47:60; Lewis 2518.).

Oxidizing acids may sensitize TNT to explosion (Lewis, R.J., Sr. 1992. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 8th Edition. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 3426.).

Reactions between nitroaromatics and oxidizing acids are exothermic and can accelerate to detonation (Fritz, E.J. 1969. Loss Prevention 3:41-44; Anon. 1960. Journal of the Royal Institute of Chemistry 84:451; History of Accidents in the Explosives Industry, Biasutti, G.S., Vevey, 1981, p. 83.).

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Carbon Monoxide (CO)
• Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
• Methylisothiocyanate
• Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)