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Hazard Predictions

• Flammable: Reaction products may be flammable
• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Generates heat: Exothermic reaction at ambient temperatures (releases heat)
• Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive
• Polymerization hazard: Polymerization reaction may become intense and may cause pressurization

Alkenes react explosively with aluminum tetrahydroborate if oxygen is present. Explosions may occur immediately or after an induction period (Gaylord, N. G. 1956. Reductions with Complex Metal Hydrides. New York, Interscience, pp. 26).

Acetylene and cesium hydride react violently at low temperatures if moisture is present, or at slightly elevated temperatures if dry. This reaction may produce flammable H2 gas (J. W. Mellor, 1922. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 2, pp. 483. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Ethylene can polymerize at low pressure if aluminum alkyls are present to catalyze the reaction (Sundaram, K.M, M.M. Shreehan, and E.F. Olszewski. 2001. Ethylene. In Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (Online)).

Butyllithium catalyzes the exothermic anionic polymerization of styrene, which can cause an explosion if the temperature is not controlled (Roper, A. N. et al., Br. Polym. J., 1975, 7, 195-203).

Sodium hydride reacts with alkynes to form corrosive and strongly basic sodium alkyne salts (Klemm, A., Hartmann, G. and Lange, L. 2000. Sodium and Sodium Alloys. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. (Online)).

Magnesium hydride reacts with 1-alkenes to form reactive dialkylmagnesium compounds (Rittmeyer, P., U. Wietelmann. 2002. Hydrides. In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. (Online)).

Several complex reducing agents consisting of combinations of NaH with transition metal salts are active hydrogenation catalysts and react with unsaturated hydrocarbons to produce saturated hydrocarbons (Sullivan, E. and Wade, R. 1980. Hydrides. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.).

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Hydrogen (H2)
• Hydrocarbons