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Alcohols and Polyols mixed with
Metal Hydrides, Metal Alkyls, Metal Aryls, and Silanes

Hazard Predictions

• Flammable: Reaction products may be flammable
• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Generates heat: Exothermic reaction at ambient temperatures (releases heat)
• Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive

Interaction of methanol, ethanol, or 2-propanol with undiluted trialkylaluminum compounds is explosive, and tert-butanol reacts vigorously (Mirviss, S. B. et al., Ind. Eng. Chem., 1961, 53 (1), 54A).

The interaction of diethyl zinc and methanol is explosively violent and ignition ensues (Methoden der Organischen Chemie; Muller, E. (Ed.); Stuttgart, Thieme, 1973, Vol. 13.2a, p. 855).

Alcohols react with organolithium and organomagnesium compounds to liberate flammable hydrocarbon gases (Carey, Francis. "Organic Chemistry", 5th Edition, Chpt. 14. Accessed at: http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch14/ch14-1.html#Reactivity).

Hydrides react spontaneously and irreversibly with proton donors, including alcohols, evolving flammable H2 gas (Rittmeyer, P., U. Wietelmann. 2002. Hydrides. In Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. (Online)).

Glycerol ignites on contact with NaBH4; the reaction between other glycols and NaBH4 is somewhat exothermic (Epshtein, N.A. et al. 1987. Chemical Abstracts 106:55145).

There is a violent reaction between methanol and BeH2, even at very low temperature (Barbaras, G.D. 1951. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 73:48).

Dialkylmagnesium compounds can react explosively with alcohols (Sidgwick, N. V., 1950, The Chemical Elements and their Compounds, Oxford, Oxford University Press, p. 233).

Glycerol undergoes an exothermic reaction with NaH (Urben, P.G. 1995. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 5th Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 1501).

Alcohols can react violently with alkylaluminum solutions to produce a gas, likely H2 (MCA Case History No. 1778, Case Histories of Accidents in the Chemical Industry, Washington, MCA).

Sodium hydride reacts with alcohols to form corrosive and strongly basic sodium alkoxides (Klemm, A., Hartmann, G. and Lange, L. 2000. Sodium and Sodium Alloys. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. (Online)).

Sodium borohydride decomposes slowly in methanol or ethanol, evolving hydrogen gas (Sullivan, E. and Wade, R. 1980. Hydrides. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.).

Dialkylzinc compounds can react explosively with methanol above -60C (Methoden der Organischen Chemie; Muller, E. (Ed.); Stuttgart, Thieme, 1973, Vol. 13.2a, p. 855).

Barium acetylide ignites on contact with ethanol in air (Masdupay, E. et al., Compt. Rend., 1951, 232, 1837-1839).

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Hydrogen (H2)