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Metal Hydrides, Metal Alkyls, Metal Aryls, and Silanes mixed with
Oxidizing Agents, Strong

Hazard Predictions

• Explosive: Reaction products may be explosive or sensitive to shock or friction
• Flammable: Reaction products may be flammable
• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Generates heat: Exothermic reaction at ambient temperatures (releases heat)
• Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive

The reaction of lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) with iodine (I2) generates flammable H2 gas and lithium tetraiodoaluminate (LiAlI4) (Rittmeyer, P., U. Wietelmann. 2002. Hydrides. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. (Online)).

KClO4 forms pyrotechnic mixtures with TiH4 (Massis, T.M. et al. 1976. Rept. SAND-75-5889, Richmond (Va.), USNITS).

CaH2 forms friction-sensitive explosives with bromates, chlorates, and perchlorates (J. W. Mellor, 1946. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 3, pp. 651. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Reaction of NaH and Cl2 or F2 at ambient temperature is incandescent (J. W. Mellor, 1940. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 2, pp. 483. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Ozone reacts spontaneously with dimethylzinc and diethylzinc (Lee, H. U. et al., Combust. Flame, 1975, 24, 27-34).

The mixture of benzocyclobutenylpotassium and perchloryl fluoride (O3ClF) can explode at temperatures above -70C (Adcock, W. et al., J. Organomet. Chem., 1975, 91, C20).

Alkylaluminum compounds are powerful reducing agents, so their interactions with oxidants are likely to be highly exothermic and hazardous (Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 1963, London: Wiley-Interscience, Vol. 2, 38, 40; J. W. Mellor, 1946. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 5, pp. 850, 872. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

The reaction of diethylzinc and halogens is explosive if undiluted. Even if diluted with ether, the reaction is violent at -20C or above (Methoden der Organischen Chemie; Muller, E. (Ed.); Stuttgart, Thieme, 1973, Vol. 13.2a, p. 757).

Addition of diethylzinc to liquid sulfur dioxide at -15C leads to an explosively violent reaction (Methoden der Organischen Chemie; Muller, E. (Ed.); Stuttgart, Thieme, 1973, Vol. 13.2a, p. 709).

Chlorine and phenylmagnesium bromide can react to form a friction-sensitive explosive product (Datta, R. L. et al., J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1919, 41, 287).

Many metal acetylides react violently with oxidants (Urben, P.G. 1995. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 5th Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann., Vol. 2, pp. 192).

Cesium acetylide burns in all four halogens at or near ambient temperature (J. W. Mellor, 1946. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 5, pp. 848. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

NaH and SO2 react explosively (Moissan, H. 1902. Compt. Rend. 135:647).

Iodate, chlorite, hypochlorite, permanganate and perrhenates are reduced by sodium borohydride (Eggeman, T. 2001. Hydrides. In Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (Online)).

Silane burns on contact with Br2, Cl2, and covalent chlorides (Mellor, J.W. 1940. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd. Volume 6. pp. 220-221).

Silane forms an explosive mixture with nitrogen oxides (Horiguchi, S. et al. 1990. Chemical Abstracts 112, p. 121711).

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Hydrogen (H2)