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Hazard Predictions

• Explosive: Reaction products may be explosive or sensitive to shock or friction
• Flammable: Reaction products may be flammable
• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Generates heat: Exothermic reaction at ambient temperatures (releases heat)
• Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive

The mixture of lithium with chromium trichloride or zirconium tetrachloride will burn vigorously even in an air-free nitrogen atmosphere (Anon., 1969, BCISC Quarterly Safety Summary, 40, p. 16).

Sodium explosively or violently reduces many metal halides, producing finely-powdered and pyrophoric metal powders (Alkali Metals. 1957. pp. 129; Cuielleron, J. 1945. Bull. Soc. Chim. (France) 12:88; Mellor, J. 1961. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 2, Supplement 2. p. 494-496. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Potassium forms shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with many metal halides (Staudinger, H. 1925. Z. Elektrochem. 31:549).

Many acidic metal chlorides release small amounts of hydrochloric acid in water. Aqueous hydrochloric acid reacts rapidly with sodium, generating flammable hydrogen gas (Mellor, J. 1941. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 2, p. 469-470. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Reaction of ammonia pentaborate with strong reducing agents, such as metal hydrides or alkali metals, will generate flammable hydrogen gas (Ammonia Pentaborate; MSDS No. US-US-AP; Rio Tinto Borax: Denver, CO, May 2000. http://www.borax.com/pdfs/dist/MSDS_Ammonium_Pentaborate.pdf (accessed 8/01/11)).

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Hydrogen (H2)