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Hazard Predictions

• Generates heat: Exothermic reaction at ambient temperatures (releases heat)

The reaction of acrylates or acrylic acids with certain Lewis acid halide salts (AlCl3 for example) may yield HX (HBr, HCl, HI, HF) gases (Predicted). The halide salts may also react with inhibitors to deactivate them, making the possibility of an uncontrolled polymerization reaction possible. Such reactions rapidly generate heat that accelerates the polymerization with rapid rise in container pressures. Caution should be used before proceeding. Further research of comparable examples in the literature or very small scale, carefully controlled experiments may be needed to fully assess compatibility.

Acrylates and acrylic acids are polymerizable materials and are typically inhibited with low ppm levels of antioxidants (inhibitors) to prevent premature polymerization chain reactions. Many of these inhibitors require dissolved oxygen to be effective. Inhibitor depletion is a function of time and temperature, with higher temperatures increasing depletion rates. These materials are known to be susceptible to destabilization due to low ppm levels of contaminants. Radical generating contaminants such as peroxides and azides are known to initiate monomer polymerization; however, the effects of seemingly benign materials are harder to predict. Therefore, extreme caution should be used in any contamination event. And the material should be presumed to be destabilized until testing and consultation with experts. Uncontrolled polymerization reactions can become adiabatic and lead to a serious runaway reaction with high temperatures and pressures. The general hazards of monomers are discussed in Frurip et al., Process Safety Progress (Vol. 14, No. 2) 1995.