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Hazard Predictions

• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Generates heat: Exothermic reaction at ambient temperatures (releases heat)
• Toxic: Reaction products may be toxic

The combination of non-redox-active salts with strong reducing agents may result in exothermic oxidation-reduction reactions.

Copper (II) oxide reacts vigorously with hydroxylamine or hydrazine (Urben, P.G. 1995. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 5th Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. Vol. 1, pp. 1398).

The reaction of iron (III) oxide with carbon monoxide produces the pyrophoric and potentially explosive compound iron pentacarbonyl when the reaction is run at temperatures between 0 and 150 C (Othen, C. W., School Sci. Rev., 1964, 45(156), 459).

Titanium dioxide is not readily reduced under normal conditions (Swiler, D. R. 2005. Pigments, Inorganic. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. (Online)).

Chromium (III) oxide does not react with elemental sulfur even at high temperatures (vulcanizing conditions) (Swiler, D. R. 2005. Pigments, Inorganic. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. (Online)).

Metal fluorides such as calcium fluoride react with carbon monoxide to liberate highly toxic COF2 gas (Rodd, E. H, Ed. Chemistry of Organic Compounds. New York: Elsevier Publishing Company, 1951. Vol. Ib pp. 893).

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Acid Halide (X2CO)