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Hazard Predictions

• Explosive: Reaction products may be explosive or sensitive to shock or friction
• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Generates heat: Exothermic reaction at ambient temperatures (releases heat)

Mixing sodium azide solutions with salts of heavy metals can produce explosive heavy metal azides. Copper, lead, zinc, mercury, and silver azides are especially sensitive, and several of these are commonly used as primary explosives (Urben, P.G. 1995. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 5th Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. Vol. 1, pp. 1701).

Addition of potassium iodide solution to a solution containing the 3-toluenediazonium ion resulted in rapid gas formation (likely N2) and ejection of the beaker contents (Trumbull, E. R., J. Chem. Educ., 1971, 48, 640; Loudon, Marc. 2002. Organic Chemistry. 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1096).

Hydrazine reduces some metal ions to the elemental form of the metal. The metals may be reactive in this form (Kammermeier, B. 2000. Reduction. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. (Online)).

Diazonium halide salts release N2 and HX gases upon heating with a proton donor such as an acid or alcohol (Loudon, Marc. 2002. Organic Chemistry. 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1096-1097).

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Nitrogen (N2)