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Hazard Predictions

• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Generates heat: Exothermic reaction at ambient temperatures (releases heat)
• Toxic: Reaction products may be toxic

Aryl halides are not very reactive but can in some conditions be incompatible with oxidants:

Heating the bis(trichloromethyl)benzene with potassium nitrate, selenium dioxide or sodium chlorate to effect conversion to the bis(acyl chloride) led to eruptions at higher temperatures, and was too dangerous to pursue (Rondevstedt, C. S. (1976). J. Org. Chem., 41, 3574-3577).

In general, nitrate and nitrite salts with redox active cations are more reactive with organic materials and reducing agents at ambient conditions. Redox active cations are transition metals and the metals in group 3a, 4a, and 5a of the periodic table and also include the ammonium cation NH4+. In general, nitrate and nitrite salts with non-redox active cations (also called spectator cations) are less reactive at ambient conditions. These include the alkali metals and alkaline earth salts. Caution should be used before proceeding. Further research of comparable examples in the literature or very small scale, carefully controlled experiments may be needed to fully assess compatibility.

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Hydrogen Halide (HX)
• Acid Fumes