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Hazard Predictions

• Explosive: Reaction products may be explosive or sensitive to shock or friction
• Flammable: Reaction products may be flammable
• Generates gas: Reaction liberates gaseous products and may cause pressurization
• Generates heat: Exothermic reaction at ambient temperatures (releases heat)
• Intense or explosive reaction: Reaction may be particularly intense, violent, or explosive

Lead azide reacts with copper to form explosive copper azide, which sensitizes the mixture and makes it even more explosive (Federoff, B.T. (Ed.), 1960, Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Compounds, Dover (NJ), Piccatinny Arsenal, Vol. 1, pp. A532, 551), possibly leading to spontaneous explosion (Lewis, R.J., Sr. 1992. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 8th Edition. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 2096) of the already sensitive azide (MCA Case History No. 2053, Case Histories of Accidents in the Chemical Industry, Washington, Manufacturing Chemists' Association).

Sodium azide forms explosive azide salts with heavy metals such as copper and lead (Wear, J.O. 1975. Journal of Chemical Education 52:A23-25; Becher, H.H. 1970. Naturwiss. 57:671; Lewis, R.J., Sr. 1992. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, 8th Edition. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 3064; Lenga, R.E., ed. 1988. Sigma Aldrich Library of Chemical Safety Data, 2nd Edition. Sigma Aldrich. pp. 3129; Urben, P.G. (Ed.), 1995. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 5th Edition. Volume 2. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 195).

Warming 2-toluenediazonium bromide with copper causes a violent evolution of inert N2 gas (Vogel, A. I., 1956, A Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, London, Longmans Green, 3rd edition, pp. 606-607).

Mercury makes methyl azide (more) sensitive to shock (Currie, C. L. et al., Can. J. Chem., 1963, 41, 1048).

Hydrogen azide (HN3) forms explosive azide salts when it comes into contact with heavy metals (Urben, P.G. (Ed.), 1995. Bretherick's Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 5th Edition. Volume 1. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 1499; Mellor, J.W. 1967. Mellor's Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry. Vol. 8, Supp. 2, p. 4. Longmans, Green and Co Ltd.).

Potential Gas Byproducts

• Nitrogen (N2)